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#include "ggml-alloc.h"
#include "ggml.h"
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define UNUSED(x) (void)(x)
#define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
//#define GGML_ALLOCATOR_DEBUG
//#define AT_PRINTF printf
#define AT_PRINTF(...) ((void)0)
struct hash_node {
struct ggml_tensor * t;
int n_children;
int n_views;
};
static size_t hash(void * p) {
return (size_t)p % GGML_GRAPH_HASHTABLE_SIZE;
}
static struct hash_node * hash_get(struct hash_node hash_table[], struct ggml_tensor * t) {
size_t h = hash(t);
// linear probing
size_t i = h;
while (hash_table[i].t != NULL) {
if (hash_table[i].t == t) {
return &hash_table[i];
}
i = (i + 1) % GGML_GRAPH_HASHTABLE_SIZE;
if (i == h) {
// hash table is full
GGML_ASSERT(false);
}
}
hash_table[i].t = t;
return &hash_table[i];
}
// TODO: GGML_PAD ?
static size_t aligned_offset(const void * buffer, size_t offset, size_t alignment) {
assert(alignment && !(alignment & (alignment - 1))); // power of 2
size_t align = (alignment - (((uintptr_t)buffer + offset) % alignment)) % alignment;
return offset + align;
}
struct free_block {
void * addr;
size_t size;
};
#define MAX_FREE_BLOCKS 128
struct ggml_allocr {
void * data;
size_t size;
size_t alignment;
int n_free_blocks;
struct free_block free_blocks[MAX_FREE_BLOCKS];
struct hash_node hash_table[GGML_GRAPH_HASHTABLE_SIZE];
size_t max_size;
bool measure;
#ifdef GGML_ALLOCATOR_DEBUG
struct ggml_tensor * allocated_tensors[1024];
#endif
};
#ifdef GGML_ALLOCATOR_DEBUG
static void add_allocated_tensor(struct ggml_allocator * alloc, struct ggml_tensor * tensor) {
for (int i = 0; i < 1024; i++) {
if (alloc->allocated_tensors[i] == NULL) {
alloc->allocated_tensors[i] = tensor;
return;
}
}
GGML_ASSERT(!"out of allocated_tensors");
}
static void remove_allocated_tensor(struct ggml_allocator * alloc, struct ggml_tensor * tensor) {
for (int i = 0; i < 1024; i++) {
if (alloc->allocated_tensors[i] == tensor ||
(alloc->allocated_tensors[i] != NULL && alloc->allocated_tensors[i]->data == tensor->data)) {
alloc->allocated_tensors[i] = NULL;
return;
}
}
printf("tried to free tensor %s not found\n", tensor->name);
GGML_ASSERT(!"tensor not found");
}
#endif
static size_t ggml_allocator_get_alloc_size(struct ggml_allocr * alloc, struct ggml_tensor * tensor) {
return ggml_nbytes(tensor);
UNUSED(alloc);
}
void ggml_allocr_alloc(struct ggml_allocr * alloc, struct ggml_tensor * tensor) {
size_t size = ggml_allocator_get_alloc_size(alloc, tensor);
size = aligned_offset(NULL, size, alloc->alignment);
AT_PRINTF("%s: allocating %s (%zu bytes) - ", __func__, tensor->name, size);
size_t max_avail = 0;
// find the best fitting free block
int best_fit_block = -1;
size_t best_fit_size = SIZE_MAX;
for (int i = 0; i < alloc->n_free_blocks; i++) {
struct free_block * block = &alloc->free_blocks[i];
max_avail = MAX(max_avail, block->size);
if (block->size >= size && block->size <= best_fit_size) {
best_fit_block = i;
best_fit_size = block->size;
}
}
AT_PRINTF("block %d\n", best_fit_block);
if (best_fit_block == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: not enough space in the buffer (needed %zu, largest block available %zu)\n",
__func__, size, max_avail);
GGML_ASSERT(!"not enough space in the buffer");
return;
}
struct free_block * block = &alloc->free_blocks[best_fit_block];
void * addr = block->addr;
block->addr = (char*)block->addr + size;
block->size -= size;
if (block->size == 0) {
// remove block if empty
alloc->n_free_blocks--;
for (int j = best_fit_block; j < alloc->n_free_blocks; j++) {
alloc->free_blocks[j] = alloc->free_blocks[j+1];
}
}
tensor->data = addr;
#ifdef GGML_ALLOCATOR_DEBUG
add_allocated_tensor(alloc, tensor);
size_t cur_max = (char*)addr - (char*)alloc->data + size;
if (cur_max > alloc->max_size) {
printf("max_size = %.2f MB: tensors: ", cur_max / 1024.0 / 1024.0);
for (int i = 0; i < 1024; i++) {
if (alloc->allocated_tensors[i]) {
printf("%s (%.2f MB) ", alloc->allocated_tensors[i]->name, ggml_nbytes(alloc->allocated_tensors[i]) / 1024.0 / 1024.0);
}
}
printf("\n");
}
#endif
alloc->max_size = MAX(alloc->max_size, (char*)addr - (char*)alloc->data + size);
}
// this is a very naive implementation, but for our case the number of free blocks should be very small
static void ggml_allocator_free_tensor(struct ggml_allocr * alloc, struct ggml_tensor * tensor) {
void * ptr = tensor->data;
if (ptr < alloc->data || (char*)ptr >= (char*)alloc->data + alloc->max_size) {
// the tensor was not allocated in this buffer
// this can happen because the graph allocator will try to free weights and other tensors from different buffers
// the easiest way to deal with this is just to ignore it
return;
}
size_t size = ggml_allocator_get_alloc_size(alloc, tensor);
size = aligned_offset(NULL, size, alloc->alignment);
AT_PRINTF("%s: freeing %s (%zu bytes) - n_free_blocks = %d\n", __func__, tensor->name, size, alloc->n_free_blocks);
#ifdef GGML_ALLOCATOR_DEBUG
remove_allocated_tensor(alloc, tensor);
#endif
// see if we can merge with an existing block
for (int i = 0; i < alloc->n_free_blocks; i++) {
struct free_block * block = &alloc->free_blocks[i];
// check if ptr is at the end of the block
if ((char*)block->addr + block->size == ptr) {
block->size += size;
// check if we can merge with the next block
if (i < alloc->n_free_blocks - 1 && (char*)block->addr + block->size == alloc->free_blocks[i+1].addr) {
block->size += alloc->free_blocks[i+1].size;
alloc->n_free_blocks--;
for (int j = i+1; j < alloc->n_free_blocks; j++) {
alloc->free_blocks[j] = alloc->free_blocks[j+1];
}
}
return;
}
// check if ptr is at the beginning of the block
if ((char*)ptr + size == block->addr) {
block->addr = ptr;
block->size += size;
// check if we can merge with the previous block
if (i > 0 && (char*)alloc->free_blocks[i-1].addr + alloc->free_blocks[i-1].size == block->addr) {
alloc->free_blocks[i-1].size += block->size;
alloc->n_free_blocks--;
for (int j = i; j < alloc->n_free_blocks; j++) {
alloc->free_blocks[j] = alloc->free_blocks[j+1];
}
}
return;
}
}
// otherwise, add a new block
GGML_ASSERT(alloc->n_free_blocks < MAX_FREE_BLOCKS && "out of free blocks");
// insert the new block in the correct position to keep the array sorted by address (to make merging blocks faster)
int insert_pos = 0;
while (insert_pos < alloc->n_free_blocks && alloc->free_blocks[insert_pos].addr < ptr) {
insert_pos++;
}
// shift all blocks from insert_pos onward to make room for the new block
for (int i = alloc->n_free_blocks; i > insert_pos; i--) {
alloc->free_blocks[i] = alloc->free_blocks[i-1];
}
// insert the new block
alloc->free_blocks[insert_pos].addr = ptr;
alloc->free_blocks[insert_pos].size = size;
alloc->n_free_blocks++;
}
void ggml_allocr_reset(struct ggml_allocr * alloc) {
alloc->n_free_blocks = 1;
size_t align_offset = aligned_offset(alloc->data, 0, alloc->alignment);
alloc->free_blocks[0].addr = (char *)alloc->data + align_offset;
alloc->free_blocks[0].size = alloc->size - align_offset;
}
struct ggml_allocr * ggml_allocr_new(void * data, size_t size, size_t alignment) {
struct ggml_allocr * alloc = (struct ggml_allocr *)malloc(sizeof(struct ggml_allocr) /* + n_free_blocks * sizeof(struct free_block) */);
*alloc = (struct ggml_allocr){
/*.data = */ data,
/*.size = */ size,
/*.alignment = */ alignment,
/*.n_free_blocks = */ 0,
/*.free_blocks = */ {{0}},
/*.hash_table = */ {{0}},
/*.max_size = */ 0,
/*.measure = */ false,
#ifdef GGML_ALLOCATOR_DEBUG
/*.allocated_tensors = */ = {0},
#endif
};
ggml_allocr_reset(alloc);
return alloc;
}
// address and size of the buffer when measuring
// it needs to be large enough to fit all the tensors, but it cannot overlap with other existing buffers
static void * const MEASURE_BASE_ADDR = (void *) 0x1000;
static const size_t MEASURE_MAX_SIZE = 1ULL<<40; // 1 TB
struct ggml_allocr * ggml_allocr_new_measure(size_t alignment) {
struct ggml_allocr * alloc = (struct ggml_allocr *)malloc(sizeof(struct ggml_allocr) /* + n_free_blocks * sizeof(struct free_block) */);
*alloc = (struct ggml_allocr){
/*.data = */ MEASURE_BASE_ADDR,
/*.size = */ MEASURE_MAX_SIZE,
/*.alignment = */ alignment,
/*.n_free_blocks = */ 0,
/*.free_blocks = */ {{0}},
/*.hash_table = */ {{0}},
/*.max_size = */ 0,
/*.measure = */ true,
#ifdef GGML_ALLOCATOR_DEBUG
/*.allocated_tensors = */ = {0},
#endif
};
ggml_allocr_reset(alloc);
return alloc;
}
void ggml_allocr_free(struct ggml_allocr * alloc) {
free(alloc);
}
bool ggml_allocr_is_measure(struct ggml_allocr * alloc) {
return alloc->measure;
}
//////////// compute graph allocator
static bool ggml_is_view(struct ggml_tensor * t) {
return t->op == GGML_OP_RESHAPE || t->op == GGML_OP_VIEW || t->op == GGML_OP_TRANSPOSE ||
t->op == GGML_OP_PERMUTE || t->op == GGML_OP_CPY;
}
static bool ggml_are_same_layout(const struct ggml_tensor * a, const struct ggml_tensor * b) {
if (a->type != b->type) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < GGML_MAX_DIMS; i++) {
if (a->ne[i] != b->ne[i]) {
return false;
}
if (a->nb[i] != b->nb[i]) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
static struct ggml_tensor * get_view_parent(struct ggml_tensor * t) {
switch (t->op) {
case GGML_OP_PERMUTE:
case GGML_OP_RESHAPE:
case GGML_OP_TRANSPOSE:
case GGML_OP_VIEW:
return t->src[0];
case GGML_OP_CPY:
return t->src[1];
default:
return NULL;
}
}
static struct ggml_tensor * get_view_source(struct ggml_tensor * t) {
struct ggml_tensor * parent = t;
do {
parent = get_view_parent(parent);
} while (ggml_is_view(parent));
return parent;
}
static bool ggml_op_can_inplace(enum ggml_op op) {
switch (op) {
case GGML_OP_SCALE:
case GGML_OP_DIAG_MASK_ZERO:
case GGML_OP_DIAG_MASK_INF:
case GGML_OP_ADD:
case GGML_OP_ADD1:
case GGML_OP_ACC:
case GGML_OP_SUB:
case GGML_OP_MUL:
case GGML_OP_DIV:
case GGML_OP_SQR:
case GGML_OP_SQRT:
case GGML_OP_LOG:
case GGML_OP_UNARY:
case GGML_OP_ROPE:
case GGML_OP_RMS_NORM:
case GGML_OP_SET:
case GGML_OP_SOFT_MAX:
case GGML_OP_CONT:
return true;
default:
return false;
}
}
static void allocate_node(struct ggml_allocr * alloc, struct ggml_tensor * node) {
struct hash_node * ht = alloc->hash_table;
if (node->data == NULL) {
if (ggml_is_view(node)) {
size_t offset;
switch(node->op) {
case GGML_OP_VIEW:
memcpy(&offset, node->op_params, sizeof(size_t));
node->data = (char *) node->src[0]->data + offset;
break;
case GGML_OP_PERMUTE:
case GGML_OP_RESHAPE:
case GGML_OP_TRANSPOSE:
node->data = node->src[0]->data;
break;
case GGML_OP_CPY:
node->data = node->src[1]->data;
break;
default:
GGML_ASSERT(!"unknown view op");
break;
}
} else {
// see if we can reuse a parent's buffer (inplace)
if (ggml_op_can_inplace(node->op)) {
for (int i = 0; i < GGML_MAX_SRC; i++) {
struct ggml_tensor * parent = node->src[i];
if (parent == NULL) {
break;
}
struct hash_node * p_hn = hash_get(ht, parent);
if (parent->data != NULL && p_hn->n_children == 1 && p_hn->n_views == 0 && ggml_are_same_layout(node, parent)) {
if (ggml_is_view(parent)) {
struct ggml_tensor * view_src = get_view_source(parent);
struct hash_node * view_src_hn = hash_get(ht, view_src);
if (view_src_hn->n_views == 1 && view_src_hn->n_children == 0 && view_src->data == parent->data) {
// TODO: the offset of the view parent must be kept to ensure that the op doesn't overwrite
// the parent's data that it will need later (same layout requirement). the problem is that then
// we cannot free the tensor because the original address of the allocation is lost.
// adding a view_src pointer to the tensor would solve this and simplify the code dealing with views
// for now, we only reuse the parent's data if the offset is zero (view_src->data == parent->data)
AT_PRINTF("reusing view parent %s (%s) for %s\n", parent->name, view_src->name, node->name);
node->data = parent->data;
return;
}
}
else {
AT_PRINTF("reusing parent %s for %s\n", parent->name, node->name);
node->data = parent->data;
}
return;
}
}
}
ggml_allocr_alloc(alloc, node);
}
}
}
static size_t ggml_allocator_alloc_graph_tensors_n(
struct ggml_allocr * alloc,
struct ggml_cgraph ** graphs, int n_graphs,
struct ggml_tensor *** inputs, struct ggml_tensor *** outputs) {
// reset hash table
struct hash_node * ht = alloc->hash_table;
memset(ht, 0, sizeof(struct hash_node) * GGML_GRAPH_HASHTABLE_SIZE);
// count number of children and views
for (int g = 0; g < n_graphs; g++) {
struct ggml_cgraph * gf = graphs[g];
for (int i = 0; i < gf->n_nodes; i++) {
struct ggml_tensor * node = gf->nodes[i];
if (ggml_is_view(node)) {
struct ggml_tensor * view_src = get_view_source(node);
hash_get(ht, view_src)->n_views += 1;
}
for (int j = 0; j < GGML_MAX_SRC; j++) {
struct ggml_tensor * parent = node->src[j];
if (parent == NULL) {
break;
}
hash_get(ht, parent)->n_children += 1;
}
}
}
// allocate tensors
for (int g = 0; g < n_graphs; g++) {
struct ggml_cgraph * gf = graphs[g];
AT_PRINTF("####### graph %d/%d\n", g, n_graphs);
// graph inputs are allocated first to ensure that they are not overwritten by each other
if (inputs != NULL && inputs[g] != NULL) {
for (int i = 0; inputs[g][i] != NULL; i++) {
struct ggml_tensor * input = inputs[g][i];
AT_PRINTF("input: %s\n", input->name);
allocate_node(alloc, input);
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < gf->n_nodes; i++) {
struct ggml_tensor * node = gf->nodes[i];
// allocate parents (leafs)
for (int j = 0; j < GGML_MAX_SRC; j++) {
struct ggml_tensor * parent = node->src[j];
if (parent == NULL) {
break;
}
allocate_node(alloc, parent);
}
// allocate node
allocate_node(alloc, node);
AT_PRINTF("exec: %s (%s) <= ", ggml_op_name(node->op), node->name);
for (int j = 0; j < GGML_MAX_SRC; j++) {
struct ggml_tensor * parent = node->src[j];
if (parent == NULL) {
break;
}
AT_PRINTF("%s", parent->name);
if (j < GGML_MAX_SRC - 1 && node->src[j + 1] != NULL) {
AT_PRINTF(", ");
}
}
AT_PRINTF("\n");
// update parents
for (int j = 0; j < GGML_MAX_SRC; j++) {
struct ggml_tensor * parent = node->src[j];
if (parent == NULL) {
break;
}
struct hash_node * p_hn = hash_get(ht, parent);
p_hn->n_children -= 1;
//AT_PRINTF("parent %s: %d children, %d views\n", parent->name, parent->n_children, parent->n_views);
if (p_hn->n_children == 0 && p_hn->n_views == 0) {
if (ggml_is_view(parent)) {
struct ggml_tensor * view_src = get_view_source(parent);
struct hash_node * view_src_hn = hash_get(ht, view_src);
view_src_hn->n_views -= 1;
AT_PRINTF("view_src %s: %d children, %d views\n", view_src->name, view_src->n_children, view_src->n_views);
if (view_src_hn->n_views == 0 && view_src_hn->n_children == 0 && view_src->data != node->data) {
ggml_allocator_free_tensor(alloc, view_src);
}
}
else {
if (parent->data != node->data) {
ggml_allocator_free_tensor(alloc, parent);
}
}
}
}
AT_PRINTF("\n");
}
// free graph outputs here that wouldn't be freed otherwise because they have no children
if (outputs != NULL && outputs[g] != NULL) {
for (int i = 0; outputs[g][i] != NULL; i++) {
struct ggml_tensor * output = outputs[g][i];
AT_PRINTF("output: %s\n", output->name);
ggml_allocator_free_tensor(alloc, output);
}
}
}
return alloc->max_size;
}
size_t ggml_allocr_alloc_graph(struct ggml_allocr * alloc, struct ggml_cgraph * graph) {
return ggml_allocator_alloc_graph_tensors_n(alloc, &graph, 1, NULL, NULL);
}
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